(P16-03-26) Informing the Conceptualization of Dietary Protein Literacy Through an Expert Derived Framework Development

Objectives: Protein plays an important role in health and disease prevention, yet public understanding of appropriate intake, quality, and sources remains limited. This gap shows the need for a comprehensive protein literacy framework that defines how individuals demonstrate the ability to assess, interpret, and apply dietary protein information. Therefore, the objective of the study was to gather feedback from experts on the development of a conceptual framework for protein literacy, grounded in Nutbeam’s model of health literacy, which includes functional, interactive, and critical domains.

Methods: Nine semi-structured interviews (30-60 minutes) were conducted with experts in dietary protein (n=8), registered dietitians (n=2), and a consumer expert (n=1) to explore key concepts and perspectives surrounding dietary protein. Braune and Clark’s reflexive thematic analysis approach was used to systematically code the transcripts and identify emerging patterns and key themes from the interviews. A primarily deductive analytical process was used to organize the themes according to the domains of functional, interactive, and critical literacy while also allowing for inductive insights to capture unique aspects of protein literacy.

Results: Findings indicate consensus on key elements to include in the framework. The functional domain centers on foundational knowledge such as the role of protein in health, protein quality, and recommended intakes. Interactive protein literacy involves the ability to communicate protein information and apply knowledge to make protein related decisions. The critical domain encompasses the ability to evaluate credibility of protein related information and make decisions aligned with health goals and new food context. Participants also emphasized the need for the framework to include cultural and contextual factors.

Conclusions: Findings from the interviews informed the development of a comprehensive and theory-driven protein literacy framework integrating functional, interactive, and critical domains. This framework will provide a foundation for future assessment tool development, educational interventions, and research aimed at improving protein related knowledge and behaviors.

Funding Sources: USDA NIFA and the National Pork Board