(P17-32-26) Effect of Daily Mango Consumption on HbA1C, Body Composition, and Nutrient Intake in Adults With Prediabetes and Excess Adiposity

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of daily mango consumption on hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), anthropometric indices, body composition, and nutrient intake in adults with prediabetes and excess adiposity.

Methods: In a randomized crossover trial, 31 overweight or obese adults aged 40–60 years with prediabetes (HbA1C 5.7–6.4%) and excess adiposity (waist circumference >102 cm for men or >88 cm for women or BMI 25-39 kg/m²) were assigned to consume 1.5 cups of mango daily for 12 weeks or continue their usual diet (control) for 12 weeks, separated by a 4 to 8-week washout period. Frozen mango was provided in pre-measured containers. Three participants withdrew, leaving 28 participants for analysis. Fasting blood was collected at baseline and the end of each phase and analyzed for HbA1C. Body composition was assessed at the beginning and the end of each 12-week phase using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Dietary intake at week 6 and 12 for each phase was evaluated using the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour dietary recall (ASA24). Treatment effects were assessed using mixed linear models with phase and baseline values included as fixed effects and participants as a random effect.

Results: Among the 28 participants analyzed, mango consumption did not significantly affect HbA1C compared with control (6.01 vs. 6.00; mean difference 0.009, P=0.847). No differences were observed in waist circumference or percent body fat. Mean body weight was slightly higher during the mango phase compared with control (87.4 vs. 86.6 kg; mean difference 0.8 kg; P=0.021), along with small increases in BMI (31.4 vs. 31.1 kg/m²; P=0.024) and skeletal muscle mass (29.6 vs. 29.3 kg; P=0.011). Total energy and carbohydrate intake did not differ between phases. However, mango consumption increased dietary fiber (+2.7 g; P=0.013), folate (+86.6 µg; P=0.001), and vitamin C (+57.4 mg; P< 0.001) intake.

Conclusions: Daily mango consumption for 12 weeks in adults with prediabetes did not adversely affect HbA1C or adiposity measures. Mango intake increased dietary fiber, folate, and vitamin C without increasing total carbohydrate or energy intake, suggesting it can be incorporated into diets of adults with prediabetes without worsening glycemic control.

Funding Sources: National Mango Board