(P01-09-26) Effect of Pecan Consumption on Aging

Objectives: To investigate the effect of pecan consumption on whole body antioxidant capacity, aging process and the gut microbiome in generally healthy older women.

Methods: Generally healthy women (n = 60) between 55-75 years of age, BMI 18.5-34.9 kg/m² were included in this 12-week randomized parallel-arm controlled trial. Intervention included daily consumption of 2 oz of pecans vs. 3.5 oz of isocaloric pretzel snacks. Dietary data was collected at baseline, weeks 4, 8 and 12. Fasting blood, 24hr urine and fecal samples, minimal erythema dose (MED), several skin characteristics were obtained at baseline and week 12. Primary outcome was MED, secondary outcome was skin antioxidant defense evaluated via skin elasticity, hydration, erythema, melanin and sebum. Additional outcomes included blood/urine biomarkers of aging, inflammation and oxidative stress (e.g. 8-OHdG, cytokines, leptin, etc.), as well as the gut microbiome composition/functionality (urolithins, SCFAs, BAs, etc.).

Results: To date, target enrollment has been achieved, and 46 participants have completed the study per protocol (pretzel n = 26, pecan n = 20). Remaining participants are scheduled to complete by June 2026. Compliance was maintained at 97.9% in the pretzel and at 98.7% in the pecan group throughout the study. Preliminary analysis of the primary outcome indicates an increase in MED in the pecan group baseline vs. endpoint (p < 0.05), with no change in the pretzel group. No significant between-group difference was detected, however (p = 0.1). The remaining variables (skin characteristics, markers of inflammation/aging, microbial metabolites, etc.) are currently being analyzed and are expected to be completed by July 2026.

Conclusions: Based on preliminary results, daily pecan consumption for 12 weeks exhibited a potential to strengthen body antioxidant capacity as demonstrated by the increase in MED baseline vs. endpoint in the pecan group only. Further planned analysis of host and microbial metabolites along with markers of inflammation/aging will elucidate the potential mechanisms through which pecans may be exerting these beneficial health effects.

Funding Sources: American Pecan Promotion Board